Robust Multibody Model with Interval Analysis Applied to the Evaluation of Vibration Exposure in Freight Vehicles

In Brazil, 65% of cargo transport is carried out via the road network, although only 12.4% of it is paved, and the average age of trucks is 16.4 years, according to a 2024 survey by the National Confederation of Transport (CNT). A truck vehicle model was selected as the object of study because it represents the most significant portion of the fleet. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the vertical vibrations on the driver’s seat of the truck by incorporating an interval analysis approach to address the uncertainties inherent in system parameters, such as the driver’s and cargo masses, road profiles (class A to D), vehicle speed, as well as mechanical properties. A biodynamic model coupled with a truck model was developed with a sufficient number of degrees of freedom, and subjected to road profiles standardized by ISO 8608 (2016). The evaluation of vibration exposure conditions followed ISO 2631-1 (1997), considering a typical workday. Through anti-optimization methods, the maximum weighted acceleration values at the driver’s seat were determined for the simulation, providing a more comprehensive assessment of operating conditions. It is concluded that in a wide uncertain scenario including road profile and vehicle speed, the truck’s driver is prone to be in a ‘caution zone’ concerning safety and health to vibration in 8h of exposure and in terms of comfort, ‘a little uncomfortable’.