Vibration Assessment Related to the Construction and Operation of Light Rail Line 3 in the Historic Core of Guadalajara

The construction and subsequent operation of Light Rail Line 3 in the city of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, raised various concerns regarding the vibrations generated during both stages. These concerns were particularly significant in the Historic Center, where the underground alignment of the train required the excavation and construction of a tunnel. Due to the specific characteristics of the geological formations present in the area, ground improvement measures were planned, especially in zones containing structures recognized as part of the city’s historical and cultural heritage. The tunnel boring machine was chosen to reduce urban disruption, safeguard historic sites, and maintain excavation stability. Nevertheless, from the beginning of the tunneling works, residents in nearby areas reported damage to their homes, which persisted even after the line entered into operation. In addition, damage to certain heritage-listed structures was also reported. This study presents the results of investigations based on environmental vibration measurements carried out before, during, and after the tunnel excavation, as well as during train operation. The objective is to assess the severity of vibrations at each stage and to determine their influence on both buildings and the comfort of the people who occupy or use them.